Engineering Worksheet: Strong Shapes

Engineering lesson 17: Strong shapes: triangles, arches and beams · Set 153 · 40 questions

Engineer's tip (Triangles stay put): Triangles are rigid; trusses, towers and frames use them. A pin-jointed frame with n sides needs n − 3 corner-to-corner braces; a row of n triangles uses 2n + 1 straws. Arches squeeze (compression); beams span gaps; domes are arches turned round in a circle.

1. 1.True or false: an old stone bridge uses a dome. (a) False (b) True
2. 2.Which of these uses triangles? (a) a slab over a canal (b) a curved stone doorway (c) a crane arm (d) a shelf on two brackets
3. 3.True or false: a slab over a canal uses a beam. (a) False (b) True
4. 4.Which of these uses a beam? (a) a curved stone doorway (b) a fort gateway (c) a shelf on two brackets (d) an old stone bridge
5. 5.Which of these uses a dome? (a) a bicycle frame (b) a shelf on two brackets (c) a fort gateway (d) a planetarium roof
6. 6.🔺 A frame shaped like a triangle is made of straws joined by loose pins, with 0 corner-to-corner braces. Is it rigid or wobbly? (a) wobbly (b) rigid
7. 7.Which of these uses a dome? (a) an igloo (b) a truss bridge side (c) a slab over a canal (d) a crane arm
8. 8.🔺 Which strong shape does a round palace roof use? (a) triangle (b) beam (c) dome (d) arch
9. 9.🔺 Which strong shape does a truss bridge side use? (a) dome (b) arch (c) triangle (d) beam
10. 10.True or false: a crane arm uses triangles. (a) True (b) False
11. 11.🔺 Which strong shape does a crane arm use? (a) arch (b) triangle (c) dome (d) beam
12. 12.🔺 A flat frame has 8 straight sides joined by loose pins at the corners. What is the least number of corner-to-corner braces needed to make it rigid?
13. 13.🔺 Which strong shape does an igloo use? (a) arch (b) beam (c) dome (d) triangle
14. 14.Which of these uses an arch? (a) a bicycle frame (b) a roof truss (c) a curved stone doorway (d) a round palace roof
15. 15.🔺 A flat frame has 4 straight sides joined by loose pins at the corners. What is the least number of corner-to-corner braces needed to make it rigid?
16. 16.🔺 Which strong shape does a lintel over a door use? (a) dome (b) triangle (c) arch (d) beam
17. 17.Which of these uses a beam? (a) a plank over a drain (b) a round palace roof (c) a curved stone doorway (d) an igloo
18. 18.True or false: an electric pylon uses triangles. (a) True (b) False
19. 19.🔺 Which shape keeps its shape best when its corners are pinned? (a) triangle (b) hexagon (c) square (d) rectangle
20. 20.🔺 Which strong shape does a roof truss use? (a) arch (b) dome (c) beam (d) triangle
21. 21.Which of these uses triangles? (a) a round palace roof (b) a curved stone doorway (c) a plank over a drain (d) a bicycle frame
22. 22.Which of these uses triangles? (a) a round palace roof (b) a slab over a canal (c) a shelf on two brackets (d) a truss bridge side
23. 23.🔺 Why can an arch carry heavy loads? (a) it works in compression (b) it is very light (c) it bends easily (d) it is hollow
24. 24.🔺 Which strong shape does a planetarium roof use? (a) triangle (b) arch (c) dome (d) beam
25. 25.🔺 Which strong shape does a shelf on two brackets use? (a) dome (b) arch (c) beam (d) triangle
26. 26.Which of these uses a dome? (a) a shelf on two brackets (b) a roof truss (c) a round palace roof (d) an electric pylon
27. 27.True or false: a planetarium roof uses an arch. (a) True (b) False
28. 28.True or false: a truss bridge side uses a dome. (a) True (b) False
29. 29.🔺 One side of a straw bridge is a row of 3 triangles standing point-up and point-down in turn, each sharing a side with the next. How many straws does it use?
30. 30.True or false: a lintel over a door uses a dome. (a) False (b) True
31. 31.True or false: a bicycle frame uses triangles. (a) True (b) False
32. 32.🔺 A frame shaped like a square is made of straws joined by loose pins, with 1 corner-to-corner brace. Is it rigid or wobbly? (a) rigid (b) wobbly
33. 33.🔺 Which strong shape does a slab over a canal use? (a) beam (b) arch (c) dome (d) triangle
34. 34.🔺 One side of a straw bridge is a row of 15 triangles standing point-up and point-down in turn, each sharing a side with the next. How many straws does it use?
35. 35.🔺 How do engineers stop a square frame from wobbling? (a) add a diagonal brace (b) make it bigger (c) paint it (d) take off a side
36. 36.🔺 One side of a straw bridge is a row of 8 triangles standing point-up and point-down in turn, each sharing a side with the next. How many straws does it use?
37. 37.🔺 A beam bends under a load. Its top side is … (a) squeezed (compression) (b) not affected (c) stretched (tension) (d) floating
38. 38.🔺 A frame shaped like a hexagon is made of straws joined by loose pins, with 1 corner-to-corner brace. Is it rigid or wobbly? (a) rigid (b) wobbly
39. 39.🔺 One side of a straw bridge is a row of 9 triangles standing point-up and point-down in turn, each sharing a side with the next. How many straws does it use?
40. 40.Which of these uses triangles? (a) an electric pylon (b) a curved stone doorway (c) a round palace roof (d) a planetarium roof

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