Time Goes On – Class 3 Maths Chapter 13 Notes & NCERT PDF

Class 3MathematicsChapter 13NCERT book: Maths Mela - Class 3

Notes and a simple summary of Chapter 13 of the NCERT Class 3 Mathematics book, with the official chapter PDF, flashcards, an MCQ quiz and an AI tutor for your doubts.

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Chapter 13: Time Goes On

Introduction

Time Goes On helps children read calendars and clocks and understand how long things take. It opens with a playful poem: Appa buys a new calendar, but the month of July is missing! Amma points out the blunder, and the answer is a game: "July and January looks the same, / Let us play the calendar game."

What's in this Chapter

Making July 2024: children make the calendar for July 2024 (the month starts on a Monday, just like January 2024) and answer questions: the number of Sundays (4), the Thursdays (4, 11, 18 and 25), the date three days after July 22 (July 25, a Thursday), and when a school closed on July 7 for 15 days will reopen.

Comparing calendars: collecting calendars of two years to see what stays the same (names of months, days in a week) and what changes (dates of festivals like Deepawali, Eid-al-Fitr, Dussehra, Makar Sankranti; Republic Day and Independence Day stay the same).

Months and days: writing the 12 months, finding the month with fewer than 30 days, the number of days in a year, and checking Hetal's claim that there are 53 weeks in a year (a year has 52 weeks and 1 or 2 days).

Age Fun: finding the ages of the child, the mother and the grandmother, and a puzzle: "Hetal is twice as old as her brother. She is also 10 years older than her brother."

Birth certificate: reading Bincy Thomas Jacob's certificate from Kerala. She was born on 02/05/2015, which means 2 May 2015. Children work out her age on 2 May 2025, in 2030, the date of her eighth birthday, and how many days after her birth the certificate was issued (18.05.2015). Then they make their own birth certificate.

Clocks: observing an analog clock's hands. Hetal starts breakfast at 7 o'clock and finishes at 07:15, taking 15 minutes. Children draw 8:15 (quarter past 8) and 8:30 (half past 8).

A day in Hetal's life: matching activities like yoga, school, lunch, play and sleep with times.

How long does it take?: a sweater took Nani two months to knit; radish seeds take 2-3 weeks to grow and cabbage or carrot 2-3 months. Children list activities that take months, weeks, days, hours and minutes.

Digital and analog clocks and making a sand clock from two small bottles, with an adult's help.

Key Ideas

A calendar shows days, weeks and months; a year has 12 months and 365 days (366 in a leap year).

Dates can be written as DD/MM/YY.

An analog clock has hour and minute hands; a digital clock shows time in digits.

Quarter past means 15 minutes after the hour; half past means 30 minutes after.

Different activities take minutes, hours, days, weeks or months.

Activities from the Book

Make the July 2024 calendar.

Fill in festival dates from two years' calendars.

Make your own birth certificate.

Build a sand clock and time a game with it.

Words to Learn

Calendar (कैलेंडर / पंचांग)

Date (तारीख़)

Month (महीना) and year (साल)

Week (सप्ताह) - 7 days

Hour (घंटा) and minute (मिनट)

Quarter past (सवा) - 15 minutes after the hour

Half past (साढ़े) - 30 minutes after the hour

Birth certificate (जन्म प्रमाण-पत्र)

Analog clock (सुइयों वाली घड़ी) and digital clock (अंकों वाली घड़ी)

Tips for Parents & Teachers

Hang a calendar at the child's height and mark birthdays and festivals together.

Ask "How many days until...?" and count on the calendar.

Time everyday tasks such as brushing teeth or eating dinner.

Common Mistakes

Reading 02/05/2015 as 2 February; in DD/MM/YY the day comes first, so it is 2 May.

Mixing up the hour hand (short) and the minute hand (long).

Thinking there are exactly 52 weeks with no days left over, or 53 weeks.

💡 Key Learning Points

✓A calendar shows days, weeks and months; a year has 12 months and 365 days.
✓Dates are written as day/month/year, e.g. 02/05/2015 means 2 May 2015.
✓Ages and durations can be worked out from dates, as with Bincy's birth certificate.
✓An analog clock shows time with hour and minute hands: quarter past is 15 minutes and half past is 30 minutes after the hour.
✓Different activities take different amounts of time: minutes, hours, days, weeks or months.

👨‍🏫 Teaching Tips

→Recite the calendar poem and let children discover why January and July of 2024 look the same.
→Collect old calendars so children can compare two years and festival dates.
→Discuss the strategies children use to find ages, as the teacher's note suggests.
→Use a real working analog clock so children can watch the hands move.
→Talk about events that take minutes, hours, days or months using children's own lives.
→Make a sand clock in class with adult supervision and use it to time games.
→Ask children to bring (a copy of) a birth certificate format to make their own.

📋 Assessment Questions

Can the child find all Sundays in a month using a calendar?
Can the child read a date like 02/05/2015 correctly?
Can the child calculate age from a date of birth?
Can the child show quarter past and half past on a clock face?
Can the child sort activities by whether they take minutes, hours, days or months?

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