Balbharti 12th Maharashtra State Board Maths Solutions Book Pdf Chapter 3 Indefinite Integration Ex 3.3 Questions and Answers.
12th Maths Part 2 Indefinite Integration Exercise 3.3 Questions And Answers Maharashtra Board
I. Evaluate the following:
Question 1.
∫x
2
log x dx
Solution:
Question 2.
∫x
2
sin 3x dx
Solution:
Question 3.
∫x tan
-1
x dx
Solution:
Question 4.
∫x
2
tan
-1
x dx
Solution:
Question 5.
∫x
3
tan
-1
x dx
Solution:
Let I = ∫x
3
tan
-1
x dx
= ∫(tan
-1
x) . x
3
dx
Question 6.
∫(log x)
2
dx
Solution:
Let I = ∫(log x)
2
dx
Put log x = t
Question 7.
∫sec
3
x dx
Solution:
Let I = ∫sec
3
x dx
= ∫sec x sec
2
x dx
= sec x ∫sec
2
x dx – ∫[\(\frac{d}{d x}\)(sec x) ∫sec
2
x dx] dx
= sec x tan x – ∫(sec x tan x)(tan x) dx
= sec x tan x – ∫sec x tan
2
x dx
= sec x tan x – ∫sec x (sec
2
x – 1) dx
= sec x tan x – ∫sec
3
x dx + ∫sec x dx
∴ I = sec x tan x – I + log|sec x + tan x|
∴ 2I = sec x tan x + log|sec x + tan x|
∴ I = \(\frac{1}{2}\) [sec x tan x + log|sec x + tan x|] + c.
Question 8.
∫x . sin
2
x dx
Solution:
Question 9.
∫x
3
log x dx
Solution:
Question 10.
∫e
2x
cos 3x dx
Solution:
Question 11.
∫x sin
-1
x dx
Solution:
Question 12.
∫x
2
cos
-1
x dx
Solution:
Question 13.
\(\int \frac{\log (\log x)}{x} d x\)
Solution:
= t(log t – 1) + c
= (log x) . [log(log x) – 1] + c.
Question 14.
\(\int \frac{t \cdot \sin ^{-1} t}{\sqrt{1-t^{2}}} d t\)
Solution:
Question 15.
∫cos√x dx
Solution:
Let I = ∫cos√x dx
Put √x = t
∴ x = t
2
∴ dx = 2t dt
∴ I = ∫(cos t) 2t dt
= ∫2t cos t dt
= 2t ∫cos t dt – ∫[\(\frac{d}{d t}\)(2t) ∫cos t dt]dt
= 2t sin t – ∫2 sin t dt
= 2t sin t + 2 cos t + c
= 2[√x sin√x + cos√x] + c.
Question 16.
∫sin θ . log(cos θ) dθ
Solution:
Let I = ∫sin θ . log (cos θ) dθ
= ∫log(cos θ) . sin θ dθ
Put cos θ = t
∴ -sin θ dθ = dt
∴ sin θ dθ = -dt
= -t log t + t + c
= -cos θ . log(cos θ) + cos θ + c
= -cos θ [log(cos θ) – 1] + c.
Question 17.
∫x cos
3
x dx
Solution:
cos 3x = 4 cos
3
x – 3 cos x
∴ cos
3
x + 3 cos x = 4cos3x
∴ cos
3
x = \(\frac{1}{4}\) cos 3x + \(\frac{3}{4}\) cos x
Question 18.
\(\int \frac{\sin (\log x)^{2}}{x} \cdot \log x d x\)
Solution:
Question 19.
\(\int \frac{\log x}{x} d x\)
Solution:
Let I = \(\int \frac{\log x}{x} d x\)
Put log x = t
\(\frac{1}{x}\) dx = dt
∴ I = ∫t dt
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) t
2
+ c
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) (log x)
2
+ c
Question 20.
∫x sin 2x cos 5x dx.
Solution:
Let I = ∫x sin 2x cos 5x dx
sin 2x cos 5x = \(\frac{1}{2}\)[2 sin 2x cos 5x]
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) [sin(2x + 5x) + sin(2x – 5x)]
= \(\frac{1}{2}\) [sin 7x – sin 3x]
∴ ∫sin 2x cos 5x dx = \(\frac{1}{2}\) [∫sin 7x dx – ∫sin 3x dx]
Question 21.
\(\int \cos (\sqrt[3]{x}) d x\)
Solution:
Let I = \(\int \cos (\sqrt[3]{x}) d x\)
II. Integrate the following functions w.r.t. x:
Question 1.
e
2x
sin 3x
Solution:
Question 2.
e
-x
cos 2x
Solution:
Question 3.
sin(log x)
Solution:
Question 4.
\(\sqrt{5 x^{2}+3}\)
Solution:
Let I = \(\sqrt{5 x^{2}+3}\) dx
Question 5.
\(x^{2} \sqrt{a^{2}-x^{6}}\)
Solution:
Question 6.
\(\sqrt{(x-3)(7-x)}\)
Solution:
Question 7.
\(\sqrt{4^{x}\left(4^{x}+4\right)}\)
Solution:
Question 8.
(x + 1) \(\sqrt{2 x^{2}+3}\)
Solution:
Let I = ∫(x + 1) \(\sqrt{2 x^{2}+3}\) dx
Let x + 1 = A[\(\frac{d}{d x}\)(2x
2
+ 3)] + B
= A(4x) + B
= 4Ax + B
Comparing the coefficients of x and constant term on both the sides, we get
4A = 1, B = 1
∴ A = \(\frac{1}{4}\), B = 1
Question 9.
\(x \sqrt{5-4 x-x^{2}}\)
Solution:
Let I = ∫\(x \sqrt{5-4 x-x^{2}}\) dx
Let x = A[\(\frac{d}{d x}\)(5 – 4x – x
2
)] + B
= A[-4 – 2x] + B
= -2Ax + (B – 4A)
Comparing the coefficients of x and the constant term on both sides, we get
-2A = 1, B – 4A = 0
Question 10.
\(\sec ^{2} x \sqrt{\tan ^{2} x+\tan x-7}\)
Solution:
Question 11.
\(\sqrt{x^{2}+2 x+5}\)
Solution:
Question 12.
\(\sqrt{2 x^{2}+3 x+4}\)
Solution:
III. Integrate the following functions w.r.t. x:
Question 1.
[2 + cot x – cosec
2
x] e
x
Solution:
Let I = ∫e
x
[2 + cot x – cosec
2
x] dx
Put f(x) = 2 + cot x
∴ f'(x) = \(\frac{d}{d x}\)(2 + cot x)
= \(\frac{d}{d x}\)(2) + \(\frac{d}{d x}\)(cot x)
= 0 – cosec
2
x
= -cosec
2
x
∴ I = ∫e
x
[f(x) + f'(x)] dx
= e
x
f(x) + c
= e
x
(2 + cot x) + c.
Question 2.
\(\left(\frac{1+\sin x}{1+\cos x}\right) e^{x}\)
Solution:
Question 3.
\(e^{x}\left(\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x^{2}}\right)\)
Solution:
Let I = ∫\(e^{x}\left(\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x^{2}}\right)\)
Let f(x) = \(\frac{1}{x}\), f'(x) = \(-\frac{1}{x^{2}}\)
∴ I = ∫e
x
[f(x) + f'(x)] dx
= e
x
f(x) + c
= e
x
. \(\frac{1}{x}\) + c
Question 4.
\(\left[\frac{x}{(x+1)^{2}}\right] e^{x}\)
Solution:
Question 5.
\(\frac{e^{x}}{x}\) . [x(log x)
2
+ 2 log x]
Solution:
Question 6.
\(e^{5 x}\left[\frac{5 x \log x+1}{x}\right]\)
Solution:
Let I = ∫\(e^{5 x}\left[\frac{5 x \log x+1}{x}\right]\)
Question 7.
\(e^{\sin ^{-1} x}\left[\frac{x+\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}\right]\)
Solution:
Question 8.
log(1 + x)
(1+x)
Solution :
Let I = ∫log(1 + x)
(1+x)
dx
Question 9.
cosec (log x)[1 – cot(log x)]
Solution:
Let I = ∫cosec (log x)[1 – cot(log x)] dx
Put log x = t
x = e
t
dx = e
t
dt
I = ∫cosec t (1 – cot t). e
t
dt
= ∫e
t
[cosec t – cosec t cot t] dt
= ∫e
t
[cosec t + \(\frac{d}{d t}\) (cosec t)] dt
= e
t
cosec t + c ….. [∵ e
t
[f(t) +f'(t) ] dt = e
t
f(t) + c ]
= x . cosec(log x) + c.