Polymorphism

1What is Polymorphism?✨

Polymorphism is a key concept in object-oriented programming that allows objects to be treated as instances of their parent class. This enables a single function or method to work with different types of objects, making your code more flexible and reusable!

2Why Learn Polymorphism?🎯

• ✓ Simplifies code maintenance
• ✓ Enhances code readability
• ✓ Promotes code reusability
• ✓ Supports dynamic method resolution

3Types of Polymorphism💡

There are two main types of polymorphism in C++:
1. Compile-time Polymorphism (Method Overloading)
2. Run-time Polymorphism (Method Overriding)

4Compile-Time Polymorphism Example🚀

Method overloading allows you to define multiple functions with the same name but different parameters.

5```cpp🔍

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Math {
public:
    int add(int a, int b) {
        return a + b;
    }

    double add(double a, double b) {
        return a + b;
    }
};

int main() {
    Math math;
    cout << math.add(5, 3) << endl;         // Calls int add
    cout << math.add(5.5, 3.3) << endl;     // Calls double add
    return 0;
}
```

6Run-Time Polymorphism Example⭐

Method overriding allows a derived class to provide a specific implementation of a method that is already defined in its base class.

7```cpp🧩

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Animal {
public:
    virtual void sound() {
        cout << "Animal makes a sound" << endl;
    }
};

class Dog : public Animal {
public:
    void sound() override {
        cout << "Dog barks" << endl;
    }
};

int main() {
    Animal* a = new Dog();
    a->sound();  // Outputs: Dog barks
    delete a;
    return 0;
}
```

8What You'll Build This Grade🎈

• ✓ Applications that simulate real-world entities
• ✓ Games with different character behaviors
• ✓ Flexible systems with shared interfaces
• ✓ Code that can adapt to new requirements easily