Hobbys – Freizeitaktivitäten – PersönlichkeitenClass 9 German Chapter 1 Notes – Maharashtra Board

Textbook: German – Standard IX (Balbharati, official free PDF) · pages 1–25

Welcome to your second year of German! Lektion 1 is all about free time: hobbies, things you can do, plans for the week, rules about what is not allowed, and famous people and places. Along the way you meet the four Modalverben können, wollen, dürfen and müssen (plus möchten and mögen), the personal pronouns in the Akkusativ (mich, dich, ihn, sie, es …) and the prepositions that always take the Akkusativ (für, um, durch, ohne, gegen, entlang). The lesson ends with facts about German as a world language, a statistic on sports injuries and fun short poems called Elfchen.

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Summary: Hobbys – Freizeitaktivitäten – Persönlichkeiten

1A1 and 1A2: young people talk about their hobbies (Fußball spielen, lesen, basteln, malen, Briefmarken sammeln, tanzen) and say what they are able to do with können: Ich kann gut schwimmen. Ich kann Karikaturen zeichnen.

1A3: Wen kennst du? — we talk about famous people and places (Sachin Tendulkar, J. K. Rowling, Schloss Neuschwanstein, the Taj Mahal) using Akkusativ pronouns: Kennst du ihn? Ich kenne sie. Ich kenne es.

1A4 to 1A7: a funny story about Herr Müller on his wife's birthday (prepositions with Akkusativ), weekly diaries and wishes with wollen, signs that forbid things with dürfen, and lazy Hans Faulpelz who does not want to go to school but must (müssen).

Teil B grammar: a modal verb stands in position 2 and is conjugated; the main verb goes to the very end in the infinitive. Akkusativ pronouns answer Wen? and the prepositions für, um, durch, ohne, gegen and entlang (memory word FUDOGE) always take the Akkusativ.

1C and 1D: German is spoken by about 100 million people and is an official language in five countries; teenagers spend most free time in front of the TV and computer; every sport has some risk; and you can write your own poems — Elfchen, Schneeballgedichte and Haikus.

Key points to remember

  • Modal verbs: können (can, be able), wollen (want to), dürfen (may, be allowed), müssen (must, have to); also möchten (would like) and mögen (like)
  • Satzklammer: the modal verb is in position 2 and is conjugated; the main verb is at the end in the infinitive — Peter kann gut Gitarre spielen.
  • ich and er/sie/es have the same modal form with no ending: ich kann / er kann, ich will / sie will, ich darf / es darf, ich muss / er muss
  • Vowel change in the singular: können → kann, wollen → will, dürfen → darf, müssen → muss; the plural keeps the infinitive vowel (wir können, ihr dürft)
  • nicht dürfen = not allowed (Hier darf man nicht parken); nicht müssen = no need to (Du musst nicht zur Schule gehen)
  • Akkusativ pronouns: mich, dich, ihn, sie, es, uns, euch, sie, Sie — question words Wen? (person) and Was? (thing)
  • Only the masculine changes: er → ihn; sie, es, sie and Sie look the same in Nominativ and Akkusativ
  • Prepositions with Akkusativ: für, um, durch, ohne, gegen, entlang (FUDOGE); entlang usually comes after the noun: den Fluss entlang
  • Verbs like besuchen, anrufen, einladen, fragen, treffen take an Akkusativ object; gehen, kommen, schlafen, warten need only a Nominativ
  • German is an official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Luxembourg
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