Maths worksheets · lesson 26 of 64 · free

Long multiplication (3-digit × 2-digit) — Maths worksheet

To multiply by a 2-digit number, split it into tens and ones. 234 × 23 = 234 × 20 + 234 × 3 = 4680 + 702 = 5382. Multiplying by 10, 100 or 1000 just puts 1, 2 or 3 zeros at the end.

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The method

Split the multiplier — “multiply by the tens and by the ones of the 2-digit number, then add”

  1. Split the 2-digit number: 23 = 20 + 3.
  2. Multiply by the tens (× 2, then put a 0) and by the ones.
  3. Add the two answers.
  4. × 10, × 100, × 1000: write 1, 2 or 3 zeros at the end.

Use it for: Costs of many things, eggs in cartons, passengers in trains, and the multiplication chapter of Class 4 maths.

Worked example: 234 × 23 = 5382

  1. Split 23 = 20 + 3: 234 × 20 = 4680 and 234 × 3 = 702.
  2. 4680 + 702 = 5382.

Check: Estimate: 234 × 23 is near 200 × 25 = 5000, so 5382 is sensible ✓

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✏️ Practice

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🏁 Lesson 26 test

20 sums. Check each answer, then go to the next one. Get 16 or more right to pass.

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🖨️ Class 4 Maths Worksheet: Multiplication

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