Engineering · lesson 9 of 24 · free

Forces: push, pull and gravity — Engineering for kids

A force is a push or a pull. Forces can start or stop things, speed them up, slow them down, turn them or change their shape. Gravity pulls everything towards the Earth; friction slows sliding things; magnets attract iron; our muscles push and pull. Forces are measured in newtons (N). Two forces in the same direction add up; opposite forces take away, and the net force points the way of the bigger one. Weight is the pull of gravity: we take 1 kg to weigh about 10 N.

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Engineer's tip

Add same way, subtract opposite — “forces in the same direction add; opposite forces take away”

  1. Push moves away, pull moves towards; force is measured in newtons (N).
  2. Same direction: add. Opposite directions: bigger − smaller, towards the bigger.
  3. Weight (N) ≈ mass (kg) × 10.

Use it for: Science lessons on forces, playground games and understanding why things move or stop.

Worked example: 💪 In a tug of war, one team pulls right with 60 N and the other pulls left with 45 N. What is the size of the net force, in newtons? → 15

  1. The pulls are in opposite directions, so subtract.
  2. 60 − 45 = 15 N (towards the right).

Check: If both teams pulled with 60 N, the net force would be 0 N ✓

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🖨️ Engineering Worksheet: Forces

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