Engineering · lesson 18 of 24 · free

Tension and compression — Engineering for kids

Every part of a structure is either pulled or pushed. Tension stretches a part — a swing chain, a crane cable, a tow rope, the cables of a suspension bridge. Compression squeezes a part — a pillar under a roof, a table leg, a bridge pier, the stones of an arch. A loaded beam has both: its top is squeezed and its bottom is stretched. When identical ropes or pillars share a load, each one carries an equal share.

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Engineer's tip

Pulled or squeezed? — “ropes and cables are in tension; pillars, legs and arch stones are in compression”

  1. Tension = pulled or stretched (ropes, chains, cables).
  2. Compression = pushed or squeezed (pillars, legs, piers, arch stones).
  3. Equal sharing: force on each = total load ÷ number of identical ropes or pillars.

Use it for: Designing model bridges and towers, understanding buildings and science lessons on forces in structures.

Worked example: 🪢 A concrete slab weighing 1200 N rests evenly on 6 identical pillars. What compression force does each pillar carry, in newtons? → 200

  1. The 6 pillars share the slab’s weight equally.
  2. 1200 N ÷ 6 = 200 N each.

Check: 6 × 200 N = 1200 N ✓

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🏁 Lesson 18 test

20 questions. Check each answer, then go to the next one. Get 16 or more right to pass.

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🖨️ Tension and Compression Worksheet

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