सुष्ठु गृहीतः चौरःClass 9 Sanskrit Amod Chapter 1 Notes – Maharashtra Board

Textbook: Sanskrit Amod – Std IX (संस्कृत आमोद, संपूर्ण) (Balbharati, official free PDF) · pages 5–10

A short, clever Birbal story: a rich man's money bag goes missing and Birbal catches the thief among six servants with a trick of 'magic sticks'. The lesson's grammar boxes then teach two very useful indeclinables — the 'having done' forms in -त्वा and -य (किं कृत्वा?) and the 'in order to' forms in -तुम् (किं कर्तुम्?).

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Summary: सुष्ठु गृहीतः चौरः

Devadatta, a wealthy man, lost his bag of money (धनस्यूतः). He had six servants and felt sure one of them was the thief, so he asked his friend Birbal for help.

Birbal called all the servants to his house in the evening and gave each one a stick of exactly the same height. He told them these were magic sticks: by next morning, the thief's stick would grow longer by one finger's width.

That night everyone slept peacefully except one servant. Afraid of being found out, he cut his own stick shorter by a finger's width and then slept.

Next morning Birbal saw the one short stick and knew at once who the thief was. The servant fell at Birbal's feet, confessed and gave back the money bag. The guilty mind gave itself away.

रम्यसंस्कृतम् (pages 7–10): किं कृत्वा? — two actions by the same doer are joined with a -त्वा form (no prefix: पठित्वा) or a -य form (with a prefix: आरुह्य, प्रक्षाल्य). किं कर्तुम्? — the purpose of an action is shown with a -तुम् form (द्रष्टुं, पातुं, पठितुम्).

Key points to remember

  • Characters: देवदत्तः (rich man), वीरबलः (his clever friend), six भृत्याः (servants), one चौरः (thief)
  • Birbal's trick: equal sticks; the thief's stick would 'grow' by an अङ्गुलिमात्रम् (finger's width)
  • The thief cut his stick shorter — and that proved his guilt
  • Moral: a guilty mind betrays itself; clever thinking beats force
  • -त्वा (क्त्वान्त) = 'having done', used when the verb has no prefix: गत्वा, दत्त्वा, नत्वा
  • -य (ल्यबन्त) = 'having done', used when the verb has a prefix (उपसर्ग): आगम्य, प्रदाय, प्रणम्य
  • Both are पूर्वकालवाचक अव्यय — they show the earlier of two actions by the same doer
  • -तुम् (तुमन्त) = 'in order to', a हेत्वर्थक अव्यय answering किमर्थम्? (why?)
  • -तुम् also follows इच्छति, शक्नोति, आरभते: खादितुम् इच्छन्ति, वोढुं शक्नोति
  • Some -तुम् forms change the root: दृश् → द्रष्टुम्, पा → पातुम्, लभ् → लब्धुम्
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