Animation and design · lesson 1 of 24 · free

How animation works — Animation for kids

An animation is made of many still pictures called frames. Each one is a tiny bit different from the one before. When they are shown quickly, our eyes and brain hold each picture for a split second and blend it with the next one — this is called persistence of vision — so we see movement. Old toys such as the zoetrope (a spinning drum with slits) and the flipbook work this way, and so do drawn cartoons, stop-motion clay films and 3D computer animation.

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Creator's tip

Many pictures, fast — “an animation is many still pictures, each a little different, shown quickly one after another”

  1. Animation = many still pictures (frames), each a little different, shown quickly.
  2. Persistence of vision: the eye holds each picture for a moment, so fast pictures blend into movement.
  3. Pictures each second = pictures on a zoetrope drum × spins each second.

Use it for: Your first animation lesson, making a paper zoetrope or flipbook at home and understanding how cartoons and films move.

Worked example: 🌀 A zoetrope has 12 pictures round its drum and spins 2 times a second. How many pictures do you see each second? → 24

  1. Each spin shows all 12 pictures once.
  2. 12 pictures × 2 spins = 24 pictures each second.

Check: 24 ÷ 2 spins = 12 pictures on the drum ✓

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✏️ Practice

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🏁 Lesson 1 test

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🖨️ Animation Worksheet: How Animation Works

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