Science experiments · lesson 5 of 30 · free

Make a rainbow with water and sunlight — Science experiments for kids

You need: a clear glass of water, a sunny window and a sheet of white paper. What happens: a small rainbow appears on the paper. Why: white sunlight is really many colours mixed. When light passes from air into water it bends (refraction), and each colour bends a slightly different amount, so the colours spread out: violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, red (VIBGYOR). Raindrops do the same in the sky, which is why you see a rainbow with the Sun behind you.

▶ Watch how it works

Got it? Practise ↓

What you do

Bend and split — “water bends sunlight and splits it into its 7 colours”

  1. 1. Fill a clear glass with water and set it on a steady, sunny windowsill.
  2. 2. Put white paper on the floor where the sunlight passes through the glass.
  3. 3. Move the paper or glass slowly until a rainbow appears.
  4. 4. Never look straight at the Sun.

Use it for: Science lessons on light and colour, rainy-season rainbows and easy science experiments at home.

Worked example: 🌈 Why does sunlight make a rainbow through a glass of water? → water splits the light

  1. Water bends sunlight, and each colour bends a slightly different amount.
  2. So the white light splits into its colours.

Check: A rainbow in the sky has red on the outside and violet on the inside ✓

▶ Watch it animated

✏️ Practice

Work it out in your head or on paper, type the answer and press Check. Stuck? Press “Show me how”.

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🏁 Lesson 5 test

20 questions. Check each answer, then go to the next one. Get 16 or more right to pass.

🏅 Sign in with Google to earn the 🌈 Rainbow Maker badge when you pass — and a certificate when you finish all 10 lessons of Part 1 · Water and air. You can still take the test without signing in.

🖨️ Rainbow Science Experiment Worksheet

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