Maths Olympiad · topic 1 of 33 · free

Place value and digit puzzles — Maths Olympiad practice

Olympiad papers for young children love digit puzzles: make the greatest or smallest number from some digits, or find what a digit is really worth. The trick is to remember that a digit on the left is worth much more than the same digit on the right.

How to solve it

Biggest digit, biggest place — “the order of the digits decides the size of the number”

  1. Greatest number: write the digits from biggest to smallest.
  2. Smallest number: write them from smallest to biggest — but a number cannot start with 0, so put the smallest non-zero digit first and the 0 next.
  3. Place value = the digit × the value of its place (ones, tens, hundreds, thousands).

Use it for: Any question that says “using the digits … once each”, and every “place value” or “face value” question.

Worked example: What is the smallest 4-digit number you can make using the digits 3, 0, 7 and 2 once each? → 2037

  1. Order the digits from smallest to biggest: 0, 2, 3, 7.
  2. A 4-digit number cannot start with 0, so put 2 first, then 0, then 3 and 7.

Check: 2037 uses 2, 0, 3 and 7 once each, and the next smallest choices, 2073 and 3027, are both bigger ✓

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🖨️ Maths Olympiad Class 2 Place Value Worksheet

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