Maths Olympiad · topic 8 of 33 · free

HCF and LCM puzzles — Maths Olympiad practice

Most HCF and LCM puzzles are word problems. The skill is deciding which one you need: things that happen again and again and meet are about multiples (LCM); cutting or packing into the biggest equal groups is about factors (HCF).

▶ Watch how it works

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How to solve it

Together again or cut equally? — “meeting again is a common multiple (LCM); cutting or sharing equally is a common factor (HCF)”

  1. “Ring together again”, “smallest number both divide” → LCM: count in the bigger number until the smaller one divides it.
  2. “Longest equal pieces”, “greatest number of identical packs” → HCF: list the factors and pick the greatest common one.
  3. Check: the LCM is divisible by both numbers; the HCF divides both numbers.

Use it for: Bells, traffic lights, buses meeting again, cutting ribbons, packing gifts and tiling floors.

🧮 Check your own sums with the free HCF and LCM calculator — it shows the working.

Worked example: Two bells ring every 12 minutes and every 18 minutes. They ring together at 9:00. After how many minutes will they next ring together? 36 min

  1. They meet again at a common multiple of 12 and 18 — the smallest one is the LCM.
  2. Count in 18s: 18, 36. 36 ÷ 12 = 3 exactly, so the LCM is 36.

Check: 36 = 12 × 3 = 18 × 2, and no smaller number (like 18 or 24) is divisible by both ✓

▶ Watch it animated

✓ Written and checked by the TalentJR team · Updated 13 Oct 2026 · How we make our lessons

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🖨️ HCF and LCM Worksheet for Maths Olympiad

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