Robotics · lesson 13 of 30 · free

Gears: speed or strength — Robotics for kids

Gears are wheels with teeth that lock together. The gear on the motor is the driver; the gear it turns is the driven gear. Two meshed gears always turn in opposite directions, so in a row of gears every second gear turns the same way as the first. When a small gear drives a big gear, the big one turns slower but with more turning force — good for lifting. When a big gear drives a small one, the small one turns faster but weaker — good for a fan. Belts work like gears: an open belt keeps the direction, a crossed belt flips it.

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Robot tip

Trade speed for strength — “small gear driving a big one: slower but stronger; big driving small: faster but weaker”

  1. Meshed gears turn opposite ways; in a row, odd-numbered gears turn like gear 1.
  2. Small drives big: slower, stronger. Big drives small: faster, weaker. The gear with fewer teeth turns faster.
  3. Open belt: same direction. Crossed belt: opposite direction.

Use it for: Building robot drives and arms, bicycles, clocks and science lessons on simple machines.

Worked example: ⚙️ 3 gears are in a row, each meshed with the next. Gear 1 turns clockwise. Which way does gear 3 turn? → clockwise

  1. Gear 2 turns the opposite way to gear 1: anticlockwise.
  2. Gear 3 turns the opposite way to gear 2, so it turns clockwise like gear 1.

Check: Gear 2 (even) turns anticlockwise ✓

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🖨️ Robotics Worksheet: Gears – Speed or Strength

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