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Vedic maths · trick 5 of 36 · free

3-digit × 2-digit multiplication — Vedic maths trick

The same crosswise method with one more column. Think of the 2-digit number as having a 0 in front.

The trick

Urdhva Tiryagbhyam — “vertically and crosswise”

  1. Write the 2-digit number as 0de under abc.
  2. Columns from the right: c×e; b×e + c×d; a×e + b×d; a×d.
  3. Combine from the right with carries.

Use it for: Multiplying a 3-digit number by a 2-digit number in one line.

Worked example: 312 × 23 = 7176

  1. Columns from the right: 2×3 = 6; 1×3 + 2×2 = 7; 3×3 + 1×2 = 11; 3×2 = 6.
  2. 6 → 6; 7 → 7; 11 → write 1, carry 1; 6 + 1 = 7.
  3. Answer: 7176.

Check: 312 × 23 = 312 × 20 + 312 × 3 = 6240 + 936 = 7176 ✓

✏️ Practice

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🏁 Trick 5 test

20 sums. Check each answer, then go to the next one. Get 16 or more right to pass.

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🖨️ 3 Digit by 2 Digit Multiplication Worksheet

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